内容

目次

Foreword. Preface. Preface to the First Edition. 1. UNIX SystemOverview. Introduction. UNIX Architecture. Logging In. Files andDirectories. Input and Output. Programs and Processes. Error Handling.User Identification. Signals. Time Values. System Calls and LibraryFunctions. Summary. 2. UNIX Standardization and Implementations.Introduction. UNIX Standardization. UNIX System Implementations.Relationship of Standards and Implementations. Limits. Options. FeatureTest Macros. Primitive System Data Types. Conflicts Between Standards.Summary. 3. File I/O. Introduction. File Descriptors. open Function.creat Function. closeFunction. lseek Function. read Function. writeFunction. I/O Efficiency. File Sharing. Atomic Operations. dup and dup2Functions. sync, fsync, and fdatasync Functions. fcntl Function. ioctlFunction. /dev/fd. Summary. 4. Files and Directories. Introduction.stat, fstat, and lstat Functions. File Types. Set-User-ID and Set-Group-ID.File Access Per missions. Ownership of New Files and Directories. accessFunction. umask Function. chmodand fchmod Functions. Sticky Bit. chown,fchown, and lchown Functions. File Size. File Truncation. File Systems.link, unlink, remove, and rename Functions. Symbolic Links. symlinkandreadlink Functions. File Times. utime Function. mkdirand rmdir Functions.Reading Director ies. chdir, fchdir, and getcwd Functions. Device SpecialFiles. Summary of File Access Per mission Bits. Summary. 5. Standard I/OLibrary. Introduction. Streams and FILE Objects. Standard Input, StandardOutput, and Standard Error. Buffering. Opening a Stream. Reading andWriting a Stream. Line-at-a-Time I/O. Standard I/O Efficiency. Binary I/O.Positioning a Stream. Formatted I/O. Implementation Details. TemporaryFiles. Alternatives to Standard I/O. Summary. 6. System Data Files andInformation. Introduction. Password File. Shadow Passwords. Group File.Supplementary Group Ids. Implementation Differences. Other Data Files.Login Accounting. System Identification. Time and Date Routines. Summary.7. Process Environment. Introduction. main Function. Process Termination.Command-Line Arguments. Environment List. Memory Layout of a C Program.Shared Libraries. Memory Allocation. Environment Variables. setjmp andlongjmp Functions. getrlimit and setrlimit Functions. Summary. 8. ProcessControl. Introduction. Process Identifiers. fork Function. vforkFunction. exit Functions. waitand waitpid Functions. waitid Function.wait3and wait4Functions. Race Conditions. exec Functions. Changing UserIDs and Group IDs. Interpreter Files. system Function. Process Accounting.User Identification. Process Times. Summary. 9. Process Relationships.Introduction. Terminal Logins. Network Logins. Process Groups. Sessions.Controlling Terminal. tcgetpgrp, tcsetpgrp, and tcgetsid Functions. JobControl. Shell Execution of Programs. Orphaned Process Groups. FreeBSDImplementation. Summary. 10. Signals. Introduction. Signal Concepts.signal Function. Unreliable Signals. Interrupted System Calls. ReentrantFunctions. SIGCLD Semantics. Reliable-Signal Terminology and Semantics.killand raise Functions. alarmand pause Functions. Signal Sets.sigprocmask Function. sigpending Function. sigaction Function. sigsetjmpand siglongjmp Functions. sigsuspend Function. abort Function. systemFunction. sleep Function. Job-Control Signals. Additional Features.Summary. 11. Threads. Introduction. Thread Concepts. ThreadIdentification. Thread Creation. Thread Termination. ThreadSynchronization. Summary. 12. Thread Control. Introduction. ThreadLimits. hread Attributes. Synchronization Attributes. Reentrancy.Thread-Specific Data. Cancel Options. Threads and Signals. Threads andfork. Threads and I/O. Summary. 13. Daemon Processes. Introduction.Daemon Characteristics. Coding Rules. Error Logging. Single-InstanceDaemons. Daemon Conventions. Client-Server Model. Summary. 14. AdvancedI/O. Introduction. Nonblocking I/O. Record Locking. STREAMS. I/OMultiplexing. 2 poll Function. Asynchronous I/O. readv and writevFunctions. readn and written Functions. Memory-Mapped I/O. Summary. 15.Interprocess Communication. Introduction. Pipes. popen and pcloseFunctions. Coprocesses. FIFOs. XSI IPC. Message Queues. Semaphores.Shared Memory. Client-Server Properties. Summary. 16. Network IPC:Sockets. Introduction. Socket Descriptors. Addressing. ConnectionEstablishment. Data Transfer. Socket Options. Out-of-Band Data.Nonblocking and Asynchronous I/O. Summary. 17 Advanced IPC. Introduction.STREAMS-Based Pipes. Unique Connections. Passing File Descriptors. An OpenServer, Version 1. An Open Server, Version 2. Summary. 18. Terminal I/O.Introduction. Overview. Special Input Characters. Getting and SettingTerminal Attributes. Terminal Option Flags. stty Command. Baud RateFunctions. Line Control Functions. Terminal Identification. CanonicalMode. Noncanonical Mode. Terminal Window Size. termcap, terminfo, andcurses. Summary. 19. Pseudo Terminals. Introduction. Overview. OpeningPseudo-Terminal Devices. pty_fork Function. pty Program. Using the ptyProgram. Advanced Features. Summary. 20. A Database Library.Introduction. History. The Library. Implementation Overview. Centralizedor Decentralized? Concurrency. Building the Library. Source Code.Performance. Summary. 21. Communicating with a Network Printer.Introduction. The Inter net Printing Protocol. The Hypertext TransferProtocol. Printer Spooling. Source Code. Summary. Appendix A. FunctionPrototypes. Appendix B. Miscellaneous Source Code. Our Header File.Standard Error Routines. Appendix C. Solutions to Selected Exercises.Bibliography. Index.